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GRE ·93考题精选(二十一)

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日期:2006-8-17 12:31:08
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Professional photographers generally regard inadvertent
surrealism in a photograph as a curse rather than a
blessing; magazine photographers, in particular, consider
themselves ------ to the extent that they can --------
its presence in their photographs.

skillful.. enhance
inadequate.. eliminate
original.. demonstrate
fortunate.. minimize
conventional.. highlight

————————————————————————
答案:(D)

inadvertent: a.1.漫不经心的 2.非故意的,因疏忽而造成的
surrealism: n.超现实主义
curse: n.1.诅咒 2.祸害,祸因
blessing n.1.神赐,神恩 2.幸事,恩惠
to the extent that: conj.只要(即等于as long as,表示条件)
inadequate: a.1.不适当的,不够格的,不充分的 2.有弱点(缺陷)的
minimize: v.1.使减少(或缩小)到最低限度 2.极度轻视(或贬低),小看
highlight: v.1.以强光照射,照亮 2.使显著,使空出,强调
 
一般而言,专业摄影家将摄影作品中由疏忽而致的超现实主义视作一种灾祸而非幸事;尤
其是杂志摄影家,只要能在摄影作品中将它的存在减少到最低程度,他们便视自己为相当幸运
的了。

Marison was a scientist of unusual ----- and imagination
who had startling success in -------- new and fundamental
principles well in advance of their general recognition.

restiveness.. acknowledging
precision.. coordinating
aggression.. resisting
candor.. dispelling
insight.. discerning

————————————————————————
答案:(E)

well in advance of: prep.远在…之前
restiveness: n.1.焦躁不安 2.倔强,不受管束
acknowledge: v.1.承认 2.告知,确认 3.就…表示谢忱,报偿 4.对…作出反应,理

coordinate: v.协调,调节,整理
aggression: n.侵犯(行为),侵略(行为),挑衅
candor: n.1.直言,坦率,诚恳 2.公平,公正
dispell: v.1.驱散 2.消除(疑虑)等
discern: v.1.看出,觉察出 2.认识,了解
 
作为一位科学家,马里逊具有非凡的洞悉力和想象力,远在某些全新的基本原理被人们普
遍认识之前,他早就能够成功地令人吃惊地将其察觉发现。


Unenlightened authoritarian manage rarely recognize a
crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among
members of democratically run work groups: a modicum of
tolerance for dissent often prevents——

demur
schism
cooperation
compliance
shortsightedness

————————————————————————
答案:(B)

unenlightened: a.未受启迪的,
愚昧无知的,不开明的
authoritarian: a.权力主义的,独裁主义的,专制的
modicum: n.少许,一点
dissent: n.意见的不一致,意见的分歧,异议,不同意见
demur: 1.反对,异议 2.顾虑,迟疑,不愿,犹豫
schism: n.1.分裂 2.宗派,派系,派别 3.教会分裂,教会宗派 4.分歧,不和
compliance: n.遵从,依从,顺从
shortsightedness: n.1.近视 2.目光短浅,缺乏预见,缺乏想象力
 
那些缺乏开明思想且又专制擅权的经理们很少能认识到某一至关重要的原因,以解释在那
些民主管理的工作群体的成员之间,为什么严重矛盾冲害的程度会如此之低:对不同意见只要
有一丁点的宽容,往往能避免分歧不和。


Carruthers' latest literary criticism ------- her
reputation for trenchant commentary; despite its
intriguing title and the fulsome praise on its dust
jacket, it is nothing more than a collection of——

reinforces.. pronouncements
belies.. platitudes
prejudices.. insights
advances. . aphorisms
undermines.. judgments

————————————————————————
答案:(B)

trenchant: a.1.锐利的,尖锐的 2.有力的,中肯的
intriguing: a.引起好奇心(或兴趣)的,有迷惑力的
fulsome: a.1.令人作呕厌恶的 2.过分恭维的,虚伪的 3.大量的,丰富的
dust jacket: n.(书籍的)护封,封面纸套
nothing more than: adv.仅仅,不只过(即等于only或merely)
pronouncement: n.1.声明,公告 2.看法,意见,决定
belie: v.证明…为虚假,与…抵触,违背
platitude: n.1.平凡,陈腐 2.老生常谈,陈词滥调
aphorism: n.格言,警言
 
卡鲁塞最近的文学批评有悖于她那一贯以锐利中肯的评论而著称的声誉;尽管书名引人入
胜,书的护封上的好评如潮,但它充其量也只是一本充斥着陈辞滥调的集子而已。

ORATION: HEARD::

epic : revised
ballet : appreciated
poem: analyzed
movie :directed
novel: read

————————————————————————
答案:(E)

演说:被听到的
 
史诗:被修改了的
芭蕾:被欣赏的
诗:被分析的
电影:被指导的
小说:被读的

OBSERVATORY: ASTRONOMY::

purgatory : remuneration
refectory : religion
dormitory : university
conservatory : music
armory: militia

————————————————————————
答案:(D)

天文台:天文学
 
炼狱:报酬
神学院,修道院的饭堂:宗教
宿舍:大学
音乐学院:音乐
军械库:民兵

PRODIGY: PERSON::

paean : iconoclast
beacon: shadow
maniac: obsession
traitor: confidence
miracle : occurrence

————————————————————————
答案:(E)

天才(奇人):人
 
异教徒(没有宗教信仰的人):反对崇拜偶像的人(攻击传统观念的
人)
灯塔,信号所:影子
躁狂者,疯子:着魔,迷念
叛徒:信心
奇迹:事件的发生


MOIST: SODDEN::

warm: inviting
surprised: astonished
magical: sentimental
hopeless: bereft
soft: euphonious

————————————————————————
答案:(B)

潮湿的:湿透的
 
温暖的:吸引人的
吃惊的:震惊的
不可思议的,有魔力的:多愁善感的
没有希望的:被夺去
轻柔的(软的):悦耳的

STATUE : SCULPTURE::

engraving : mural
novel : character
ode: poem
movement: symphony
script: pay

————————————————————————
答案:(C)

雕像:雕塑作品
 
雕刻:壁画
小说(有新意的):人物
颂歌:诗
乐章(运动):交响乐
剧本:戏剧

ANNOYING : GADFLY::

brave : underdog
conniving : killjoy
insipid: bungler
rude: churl
vicious : manipulator

————————————————————————
答案:(D)

烦扰人的:讨厌的人,牛虻
 
勇敢的:斗输的狗(失败者)
默许的,纵容的:扫兴的人
乏味的:手艺笨拙的人,把工作做坏的人
粗鲁的:粗鄙的人
邪恶的:操纵者

DOSE: MEDICINE::

current : river
electricity: shock
tremor: earthquake
sentence: punishment
tempo: music

————————————————————————
答案:(D)

剂量:药品
 
水流(当前的adj.):河流
电:电击
小地震:地震
判决:惩罚
拍子:音乐

DINGY : GLISTEN::

slippery: adhere
coarse : polish
sharp :hone
shallow: overflow
savory: taste

————————————————————————
答案:(A)

无光泽的,暗黑的:闪烁
 
滑的:坚持,附着
粗俗的(粗糙的):抛光
锋利的:磨快
浅的:流溢
有滋味的,好吃的:品尝

MISCALCULATION : JUDGMENT::

breach: fortification
fumble: location
gaffe : decorum
exaggeration : statement
default: loan

————————————————————————
答案:(C)

估算错误:判断
 
破坏,违背:加强
乱摸(笨拙的做):定位(地点)
出丑,言行错误:礼貌,礼节
夸张:陈述
拖欠:贷款


   Typically the queen honeybee is mother
  to all the bees in a hive;after mating
  with several male drones from other
  colonies,she lays fertilized eggs that
(5) develop into all female worker bees and
  lays unfertilized eggs that become
  all-male dro
nes. When a queen dies,
  workers often lay unfertilized eggs
  that hatch into drones. Yet workers
(10) rarely reproduce while a queen reigns.
   According to natural selection theory, a
  worker would enhance her fitness-or
  ability to propagate her genes-by
  hatching her own eggs in addition to or
(15) in place of the queen's. But a typical
  worker's fitness would be diminished if
  other workers' sons, who have less
  genetic material in common with the
  worker, supplanted the queen's sons (the
(20) worker's brothers). Researchers,
  testing the hypothesis that workers
  usually somehow block each other's
  attempts to reproduce, put unfertilized
  eggs laid by workers and by the queen
(25) into a hive. Other workers quickly
  devoured the workers' eggs while
  leaving the queen's eggs alone.

The author refers to the experiment
described in lines 20-23 in
order to
explain how worker bees are prevented
from mating with drones
explain how worker bees hatch and
nurture the queen's young
demonstrate the universality of
natural selection
show that worker bees are capable
of thwarting each other's attempts to
reproduce
provide a model of daily life in a
in a typical honeybee hive

————————————————————————
答案:(D)
  普遍而言,蜂后是一个蜂窠中所有蜜蜂的母蜂;经过与来自其它蜂群中的几个
公蜂交配,它便产下受精卵来,而这些受精卵则发展成为全雌性工蜂;它所产下的
未受精卵则变成全雄性的公蜂。在蜂后死后,工蜂经常产下未受精卵来,孵经而成
为公蜂。然而,当蜂后主宰着蜂群时,工蜂很少会繁殖后代。
  
  按照自然选择理论,工蜂如果在孵化了蜂后所产的卵之外又去孵它自己的卵,
或者不去孵蜂后产的卵而仅是孵它自己产的卵的话,它就可以通过这一做法来提高
其自身的适应能力,或繁殖其基因的能力。但一个典型的工蜂的适应能力反而会降
低,如果其它工蜂的雄性后代(具有较少的与该工蜂相同的基因材料)替代了蜂后
的雄性后代(该工蜂的同胞“兄弟”)的话。科研人员,为了检验工蜂们一般会以
某种方式阻碍相互间繁殖后代的企图这一假设,将工蜂和蜂后所产的未受精卵置于
同一个蜂窠中。其它工蜂迅速地将该工蜂的卵吞食一空,而蜂后的卵却安然无恙。

The inner workings in a honeybee
hive that regulate reproduction as they
are described in the passage, are most
similar to which of the following
types
of human societies?
A totalitarian society in which
citizens' "pricing" of each other's
actions helps to maintain the status quo.
A pacifist state in which the
individuals are strongly opposed to
the use of violence or aggression to
settle disputes.
A democratic society in which the
voice of the majority rules.
A parliamentary society in which
a few members, organized as a cabinet
wield executive power.
An anarchic state in which order
and stable social structures are lacking

————————————————————————
答案:(A)
  普遍而言,蜂后是一个蜂窠中所有蜜蜂的母蜂;经过与来自其它蜂群中的几个
公蜂交配,它便产下受精卵来,而这些受精卵则发展成为全雌性工蜂;它所产下的
未受精卵则变成全雄性的公蜂。在蜂后死后,工蜂经常产下未受精卵来,孵经而成
为公蜂。然而,当蜂后主宰着蜂群时,工蜂很少会繁殖后代。
  
  按照自然选择理论,工蜂如果在孵化了蜂后所产的卵之外又去孵它自己的卵,
或者不去孵蜂后产的卵而仅是孵它自己产的卵的话,它就可以通过这一做法来提高
其自身的适应能力,或繁殖其基因的能力。但一个典型的工蜂的适应能力反而会降
低,如果其它工蜂的雄性后代(具有较少的与该工蜂相同的基因材料)替代了蜂后
的雄性后代(该工蜂的同胞“兄弟”)的话。科研人员,为了检验工蜂们一般会以
某种方式阻碍相互间繁殖后代的企图这一假设,将工蜂和蜂后所产的未受精卵置于
同一个蜂窠中。其它工蜂迅速地将该工蜂的卵吞食一空,而蜂后的卵却安然无恙。

The passage best supports which of
the following inferences about the
fitness of honeybees?
Reproduction diminishes any individual
honeybee's fitness.
An individual worker's fitness can be
maintained without the individual herself
reproducing.
A hierarchy of stronger and weaker
individuals among the worker bees
determines which individuals will
reproduce when a queen dies.
While a queen reigns, the fitness
of the worker bees is increased and that
of the drones is diminished.
Fitness encourages worker bees to
hatch honeybee eggs without regard for
the relatedness of the young to the
"parent"

————————————————————————答案:(B)
  普遍而言,蜂后是一个蜂窠中所有蜜蜂的母蜂;经过与来自其它蜂群中的几个
公蜂交配,它便产下受精卵来,而这些受精卵则发展成为全雌性工蜂;它所产下的
未受精卵则变成全雄性的公蜂。在蜂后死后,工蜂经常产下未受精卵来,孵经而成
为公蜂。然而,当蜂后主宰着蜂群时,工蜂很少会繁殖后代。
  
  按照自然选择理论,工蜂如果在孵化了蜂后所产的卵之外又去孵它自己的卵,
或者不去孵蜂后产的卵而仅是孵它自己产的卵的话,它就可以通过这一
做法来提高
其自身的适应能力,或繁殖其基因的能力。但一个典型的工蜂的适应能力反而会降
低,如果其它工蜂的雄性后代(具有较少的与该工蜂相同的基因材料)替代了蜂后
的雄性后代(该工蜂的同胞“兄弟”)的话。科研人员,为了检验工蜂们一般会以
某种方式阻碍相互间繁殖后代的企图这一假设,将工蜂和蜂后所产的未受精卵置于
同一个蜂窠中。其它工蜂迅速地将该工蜂的卵吞食一空,而蜂后的卵却安然无恙。

The passage suggests which of the
following about the eggs laid by worker
bees?
One of the eggs hatches into the next
queen.
The eggs are invariably destroyed by
other worker bees.
Each work tries to hide her eggs from
the other worker bees.
The eggs hatch only if the worker has
mated with a drone from another hive.
The egos are less likely to be harmed
by other workers if the queen is dead.

————————————————————————
答案:(E)
  普遍而言,蜂后是一个蜂窠中所有蜜蜂的母蜂;经过与来自其它蜂群中的几个
公蜂交配,它便产下受精卵来,而这些受精卵则发展成为全雌性工蜂;它所产下的
未受精卵则变成全雄性的公蜂。在蜂后死后,工蜂经常产下未受精卵来,孵经而成
为公蜂。然而,当蜂后主宰着蜂群时,工蜂很少会繁殖后代。
  
  按照自然选择理论,工蜂如果在孵化了蜂后所产的卵之外又去孵它自己的卵,
或者不去孵蜂后产的卵而仅是孵它自己产的卵的话,它就可以通过这一做法来提高
其自身的适应能力,或繁殖其基因的能力。但一个典型的工蜂的适应能力反而会降
低,如果其它工蜂的雄性后代(具有较少的与该工蜂相同的基因材料)替代了蜂后
的雄性后代(该工蜂的同胞“兄弟”)的话。科研人员,为了检验工蜂们一般会以
某种方式阻碍相互间繁殖后代的企图这一假设,将工蜂和蜂后所产的未受精卵置于
同一个蜂窠中。其它工蜂迅速地将该工蜂的卵吞食一空,而蜂后的卵却安然无恙。

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